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LSI e-Catalogue 2012 Veterinary Diagnostic Kits Elisa, PCR and BVD (English) |
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e-Catalogue LSI 2012 des kits de diagnostic vétérinaire Elisa, PCR et BVD (FR) |
Listeriosis is an important zoonosis that causes serious, life-threatening clinical problems (meningitis, abortion and septicaemia). It is caused by bacteria belonging to the genus Listeria, small rod-shaped Gram positive bacilli that are widely distributed in the environment. Of the six known species, two can infect humans and animals, i.e. Listeria monocytogenes and, to a lesser extent, Listeria ivanovii; only Listeria monocytogenes is pathogenic in humans.
Listeria spp. are hardy bacteria found in the external environment (soil, water deposits, plants, naturally contaminated milk, faeces, straw, etc.). Since the 1960's, silage has been shown to play a part in transmission to ruminants, in which case infection is via the digestive tract. Listeriosis can take three forms in ruminants: a septicaemic form which quickly leads to death and mainly affects young animals; a genital form that causes abortion, placental retention and metritis; and a neurological form with ocular and systemic symptoms (torpor, coma) combined with functional problems (paralysis and loss of balance). In domesticated ruminants, Listeria monocytogenes causes meningitis, encephalitis, septicaemia, abortion and mammitis; Listeria ivanovii induces abortion.